Willow Hollow Golf Course is an 18-hole privately owned public course that is operated year-round, with winter play depending on weather conditions. Originally built by Dr. Harvey Haupt in the 1950s, the Willow Hollow Golf Course was purchased by the Jones family in 1977, and is one of five courses under the umbrella of Distinct Golf Corporation (www.distinctgolf.com); verified 17 October 2002. At construction, the fairways were seeded to common-type Kentucky bluegrasses. In 1984, when ryegrass conversion began via slit seeding, three to four cultivars of perennial ryegrass have been seeded annually. Fifteen to 20 cultivars have been added since renovation began. Single-row irrigation was installed in fairways in 1987. Willow Hollow Golf Course is spread over 105 acres, of which 20 acres are in fairways, 2.25 acres in greens, and 2 acres in tees. Currently, perennial ryegrass is the major grass species, comprising approximately 90 percent of the turf, and the remainder is primarily annual bluegrass. The greens are pushup type, in that they were constructed with locally available soil to form raised areas for planting. The primary grass species for greens is creeping bentgrass, with 25 to 40 percent annual bluegrass mixed with the bentgrass. While no drainage tiles or pipes were installed, both surface and sub- surface drainage is sufficient to remove excessive rainwater. The top 3 inches of the greens' soil profiles is composed of an 80:20 sand/peat mix, resulting from periodic topdressing with this medium. Tees are also pushups, with the turf composed predominantly of perennial ryegrass. Roughs and intermediate roughs consist of perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and red fescue. Irrigation systems employ Toro 670 heads for the fairways, and Toro 630 heads for greens and tees. Soil pH is 5.6 to 5.8 and the soil types are mesic Typic Fragiaqualfs (Brinkerton silt-loam, 0.3 percent slopes), Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts (Atkins silt-loam, 0.2 percent slopes), Ultic Hapludalfs (Duffield silt-loam, 3.8% percent slopes), Lithic Dystrudepts (Weikert channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes), and Typic Dystrudepts (Berks channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes).